How does the BMW M9 engine produce such high horsepower?

I've read that the BMW M9 has an impressive amount of horsepower, but I'm wondering how it's able to achieve such high numbers. Can you explain the technology behind it?

The BMW M9 uses a combination of technologies such as turbocharging, direct injection, and variable valve timing to optimize the combustion process and produce more power. It also has a higher compression ratio and lighter engine components that allow for higher revving and more horsepower per liter.